HEALTH INSURANCE IN THE NETHERLANDS: A COMPREHENSIVE GUIDE

The Netherlands is renowned for its high standard of living, efficient healthcare system, and well-structured social security. One of the essential pillars supporting this structure is health insurance. Every resident and visitor staying for an extended period is required to have adequate health insurance to access medical services. This article provides a detailed overview of how the health insurance system works in the Netherlands, what types of coverage are available, and what you need to know as an expat or citizen.

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1. Overview of the Dutch Health Insurance System

The Dutch healthcare system is built on the principle of solidarity and accessibility. Everyone contributes to the system through mandatory insurance, and everyone has access to basic medical care when needed. The system is a blend of public regulation and private insurance providers. While the government sets the framework and ensures equal access, private insurers offer health insurance packages within those rules.

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2. Is Health Insurance Mandatory in the Netherlands?

Yes, health insurance is compulsory for all residents in the Netherlands, including international students, workers, and expats who plan to stay longer than four months. The law requires individuals to obtain basic health insurance (basisverzekering) from a Dutch insurer within four months of arrival or becoming a resident.

Failure to obtain insurance can result in fines and back payments. Children under the age of 18 are covered for free under their parents' insurance policy.

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3. Types of Health Insurance

a. Basic Health Insurance (Basisverzekering)

This is the standard insurance plan that everyone must have. The government defines what services must be included in this basic package, ensuring that all insurers offer the same essential coverage. This includes:

• General practitioner (GP) visits

• Hospital care

• Specialist treatment

• Maternity care

• Prescription medications

• Mental health services

• Emergency care

b. Supplemental Insurance (Aanvullende verzekering)

This optional insurance covers services that are not included in the basic package, such as:

• Dental care for adults

• Physiotherapy

• Alternative treatments

• Glasses and contact lenses

• Extended mental health care

Supplemental insurance is offered at the discretion of insurers, and coverage varies widely.

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4. Health Insurance Providers

There are many health insurance companies in the Netherlands. Some of the largest include:

• Zilveren Kruis

• CZ

• VGZ

• Menzis

• OHRA

Though the coverage in the basic package is identical across providers, prices, customer service, and additional services can differ.

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5. How Much Does Health Insurance Cost?

In 2025, the average cost of basic health insurance is approximately €135 to €150 per month. This does not include additional coverage or the deductible (eigen risico).

a. Deductible (Eigen Risico)

The annual deductible is €385 for adults. This means you have to pay the first €385 of certain medical costs yourself before the insurer starts covering expenses. GP visits, maternity care, and children’s healthcare are excluded from the deductible.

b. Premiums and Payment

Monthly premiums depend on the insurer and the plan you choose. You can pay monthly, quarterly, or annually.

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6. Healthcare Allowance (Zorgtoeslag)

To help lower-income residents afford health insurance, the Dutch government offers a healthcare allowance (zorgtoeslag). This subsidy depends on your income and is paid monthly. Singles earning less than around €38,000 per year and couples earning less than €48,000 per year may be eligible.

You must apply for the allowance through the Dutch tax office (Belastingdienst).

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7. Choosing the Right Health Insurance

When selecting a health insurance provider, consider the following:

• Monthly premium

• Choice of healthcare providers (reimbursement vs. in-kind policy)

• Customer service and support

• Coverage for medications and treatments

• Availability of English-language services (important for expats)

There are comparison websites (in Dutch) that can help you assess and compare different policies.

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8. Health Insurance for Expats and International Students

a. Expats Working in the Netherlands

If you are working and paying taxes in the Netherlands, you must obtain Dutch health insurance, regardless of whether you have coverage in your home country.

b. International Students

If you're studying in the Netherlands and not working, you may be able to use international health insurance. However, if you start a part-time job or paid internship, you must switch to Dutch health insurance.

c. EU/EEA Citizens

EU/EEA citizens with a European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) may use it for temporary stays. However, for long-term residence or work, Dutch insurance is required.

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9. What’s Not Covered?

Even with basic and supplemental insurance, some services may not be fully covered, such as:

• Cosmetic surgery

• Adult dental care (except for surgery or severe cases)

• Long-term care (usually covered by other social insurance programs)

• Alternative therapies (unless covered under supplemental plans)

Always read the policy terms carefully.

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10. How to Apply for Health Insurance

Step 1: Register with the Municipality (GBA)

You must first register at your local municipality to get a citizen service number (BSN).

Step 2: Choose a Health Insurance Provider

Compare insurers and select a plan.

Step 3: Apply and Submit Your Information

Provide your BSN, identification, and banking details.

Once accepted, you’ll receive your insurance card and policy documents.

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11. Cancelling or Switching Insurers

You can change your health insurance provider once per year, during the annual switching window from November 12 to December 31. New policies start on January 1 of the following year.

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12. Emergency Healthcare

Emergency medical services are fully covered by the basic insurance package. You can go to the emergency room, call 112, or visit an emergency GP service (huisartsenpost).

Make sure you carry your health insurance card at all times.

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13. COVID-19 and Vaccinations

COVID-19 testing, treatment, and vaccinations are covered under the basic insurance. Other vaccinations, such as those for travel, may require supplemental insurance.

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Conclusion

Health insurance in the Netherlands is a vital and legally required part of life for all residents. The system ensures that everyone has access to quality healthcare through a well-regulated and competitive insurance market. While navigating the Dutch health insurance landscape may seem complex, understanding the key components—mandatory basic coverage, optional supplemental insurance, and financial aid options—will help you make informed decisions and secure the care you need. Whether you’re a Dutch citizen or a new arrival, taking the time to understand your health insurance rights and responsibilities is essential for your wellbeing in the Netherlands.